教育部:重点高校招农村和贫困地区学生严防违规
?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????. ?? ??? ???? 2-7%? ??? ???[1] ???? ???? ? ???.[1] ?? 6???? 5? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? 18?? ??? ???? ? ??.[2][3] ???? ??? 5? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????.[1][2]
?? ???? ?? ? ??? ? ?? ??? ??.[4][5] ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? 15? ?? ???? ?? ??? ? ? ???? ?? ??? ??.[4][5] ?? ?? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ????. ?? ??? ??, 15? ??? ?? ?? ?? 24?? ??? 2? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??.[4][5] ? 60-70%? ?? ?? ???? ???? 30-40%? ?? ???? ????.[5][6]
?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????.[7][8] ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???, ?? ??, ? ??? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????.[8][9][10] ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???. ???? ? ??? ???, ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????.[11][7] ????? ?? ??, ? ?? ?? ???(EEG)? ???? ??.[7][9] ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ???.[7][9]
? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ? 35%??.[12][13] ? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??.[14][15][16] ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??.[17] ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????.[18] ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ? 1%? ?? ??? ?? 2~3%? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??.[19][20][21]
?? ? ??
[??]????? ???? ??? 38 °C (100 °F) ????.[22] ??? ?? ?? ?? 39 °C (102 °F) ? ????.[22] ???? ?? ??? ?? ? ? ?? 24?? ?? ????.[22] ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??, ?? ?? ?, ???? ??, ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ? ??(???).[23] ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????. ??? ??(??? ??? ?? ??)? ? ??? ?? ?? ??.[23] ?? ? ??? ? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ? ??(?? ? ??).[23] ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????.
?? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ??.[24][25] ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????.[24] ?? ?? ??? ?? ??(?? ?? ??)? ??? ?? ??(~2%).[24][25] ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ? ??? ? 5%? ??? ????.[24] ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ? 15%? ?? ?? ??? ??. ?? ?? ??(FSE)? ??? 30? ?? ???? ?? ????.[26] ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? 5%?? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??.[27][28]
??? ??
[??]?? ??? ????? 38°C( ??? ?? ?? ????.[29] ??? ??? ?? ????? ????.[30] ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??.[30][31] ???? ?? ?? ??(?, ??? ??? ?? ?????)? ????? ??? ??.[30][32] ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?????. ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????.[33][34] ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??, ?????, ?? Roseola(HHV6)? ????.[35] ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??.[35]
??
[??]?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????.[36][37] ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ??.[36] ? ?? ??? ?? ???, ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???.[38][39] ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????. ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ???? ??? ???.[39] ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ? ?? ??? ??.[40] ??, ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??.[41]
???? ?? ? ??
[??]??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ????.[42] ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ? ???? ?? ?? ? ????? ???? ? ??.[43] ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ?, ?? ? ?? ??, ?? ??, ????? ???? ??, ?? ?? ??, ?? ??, ???.[44] ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????.[44][45] ?? ??? ???? ??, ?? ??, ?? ??? ??? ???, ?? ?? ??, ??? ?? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????.[44][45][46]
???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ?? ???? ??.[47] ???? ? Haemophilus influenzae? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??.[48] ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ? ??.[49] ???/??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?? ????.[47] ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????.[50][47][48] ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ?? ??? ????.[47]
? ?? ?? ?? ?, ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? 30-40%??, ?? ????? ?? ? ?? ????.[51][52] ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? 1? ??? ????.[51][53] ? ?? ?? ?, ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ????.[52] ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ? 20%?? ?? ??? ? 60-70%? ??? ??.[52] ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ??(??? ?? ?? 2? ??? ?? ? ??? ?? ??)? ?? ??? ????? ??.[51]
??
[??]- ??? ?? ??? ????. ??? 5? ?? ???? ???? ???.[54] ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ? ??.[54] ?? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??.[54]
- ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???.[54] ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??.[54]
- ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???. ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??.[54] ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ? ??.[54]
- ??? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????.[54] ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????. ??? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ??? ? ??.[54]
??
[??]- ↑ ? ? ? Camfield, P; Camfield, C (June 2015). “Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+).”. 《Epileptic Disorders》 17 (2): 124–33. doi:10.1684/epd.2015.0737. PMID 25917466.
- ↑ ? ? Graves, RC; Oehler, K; Tingle, LE (2012? 1? 15?). “Febrile seizures: risks, evaluation, and prognosis.”. 《American Family Physician》 85 (2): 149–53. PMID 22335215.
- ↑ “Guidelines for epidemiologic studies on epilepsy. Commission on Epidemiology and Prognosis, International League Against Epilepsy.”. 《Epilepsia》 34 (4): 592–6. July 1993. doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00433.x. PMID 8330566.
- ↑ ? ? ? Camfield, P; Camfield, C (June 2015). “Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+).”. 《Epileptic Disorders》 17 (2): 124–33. doi:10.1684/epd.2015.0737. PMID 25917466.
- ↑ ? ? ? ? Graves, RC; Oehler, K; Tingle, LE (2012? 1? 15?). “Febrile seizures: risks, evaluation, and prognosis.”. 《American Family Physician》 85 (2): 149–53. PMID 22335215.
- ↑ Bureau, Michelle; Genton, Pierre; Dravet, Charlotte; Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V.; Guerrini, Renzo; Tassinari, Carlo Alberto; Thomas, Pierre; Wolf, Peter (2019? 6? 20?). 《Epileptic Syndromes in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence - 6th edition》 (??). John Libbey Eurotext. ISBN 978-2-7420-1609-9.
- ↑ ? ? ? ? Graves, RC; Oehler, K; Tingle, LE (2012? 1? 15?). “Febrile seizures: risks, evaluation, and prognosis.”. 《American Family Physician》 85 (2): 149–53. PMID 22335215.
- ↑ ? ? Leung, AK; Hon, KL; Leung, TN (2018). “Febrile seizures: an overview.”. 《Drugs in Context》 7: 212536. doi:10.7573/dic.212536. PMC 6052913. PMID 30038660.
- ↑ ? ? ? Patel, N; Ram, D; Swiderska, N; Mewasingh, LD; Newton, RW; Offringa, M (2015? 8? 18?). “Febrile seizures.”. 《BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)》 351: h4240. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4240. PMID 26286537.
- ↑ Bureau, Michelle; Genton, Pierre; Dravet, Charlotte; Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V.; Guerrini, Renzo; Tassinari, Carlo Alberto; Thomas, Pierre; Wolf, Peter (2019? 6? 20?). 《Epileptic Syndromes in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence - 6th edition》 (??). John Libbey Eurotext. ISBN 978-2-7420-1609-9.
- ↑ Camfield, P; Camfield, C (June 2015). “Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+).”. 《Epileptic Disorders》 17 (2): 124–33. doi:10.1684/epd.2015.0737. PMID 25917466.
- ↑ Berg, AT (2008). “Risk of recurrence after a first unprovoked seizure.”. 《Epilepsia》. 49 Suppl 1: 13–8. doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01444.x. PMID 18184149.
- ↑ Offringa, M; Bossuyt, PM; Lubsen, J; Ellenberg, JH; Nelson, KB; Knudsen, FU; Annegers, JF; el-Radhi, AS; Habbema, JD (April 1994). “Risk factors for seizure recurrence in children with febrile seizures: a pooled analysis of individual patient data from five studies.”. 《The Journal of Pediatrics》 124 (4): 574–84. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83136-1. PMID 8151472.
- ↑ Offringa, Martin; Newton, Richard; Nevitt, Sarah J.; Vraka, Katerina (2021? 6? 16?). “Prophylactic drug management for febrile seizures in children”. 《The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews》 6: CD003031. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003031.pub4. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 8207248. PMID 34131913.
- ↑ Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management, Subcommittee on Febrile Seizures American Academy of, Pediatrics. (June 2008). “Febrile seizures: clinical practice guideline for the long-term management of the child with simple febrile seizures.”. 《Pediatrics》 121 (6): 1281–6. doi:10.1542/peds.2008-0939. PMID 18519501.
- ↑ Hashimoto, R; Suto, M; Tsuji, M; Sasaki, H; Takehara, K; Ishiguro, A; Kubota, M (April 2021). “Use of antipyretics for preventing febrile seizure recurrence in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.”. 《European Journal of Pediatrics》 180 (4): 987–997. doi:10.1007/s00431-020-03845-8. PMID 33125519.
- ↑ Mewasingh, LD (2014? 1? 31?). “Febrile seizures.”. 《BMJ Clinical Evidence》 2014. PMC 3908738. PMID 24484859.
- ↑ Patel, N; Ram, D; Swiderska, N; Mewasingh, LD; Newton, RW; Offringa, M (2015? 8? 18?). “Febrile seizures.”. 《BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)》 351: h4240. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4240. PMID 26286537.
- ↑ Camfield, P; Camfield, C (June 2015). “Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+).”. 《Epileptic Disorders》 17 (2): 124–33. doi:10.1684/epd.2015.0737. PMID 25917466.
- ↑ Graves, RC; Oehler, K; Tingle, LE (2012? 1? 15?). “Febrile seizures: risks, evaluation, and prognosis.”. 《American Family Physician》 85 (2): 149–53. PMID 22335215.
- ↑ Shinnar, S; Glauser, TA (January 2002). “Febrile seizures.”. 《Journal of Child Neurology》. 17 Suppl 1: S44-52. doi:10.1177/08830738020170010601. PMID 11918463.
- ↑ ? ? ? Leung, AK; Hon, KL; Leung, TN (2018). “Febrile seizures: an overview.”. 《Drugs in Context》 7: 212536. doi:10.7573/dic.212536. PMC 6052913. PMID 30038660.
- ↑ ? ? ? “Febrile seizures”. 《nhs.uk》 (??). 2017? 10? 18?.
- ↑ ? ? ? ? Camfield, P; Camfield, C (June 2015). “Febrile seizures and genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+).”. 《Epileptic Disorders》 17 (2): 124–33. doi:10.1684/epd.2015.0737. PMID 25917466.
- ↑ ? ? Graves, RC; Oehler, K; Tingle, LE (2012? 1? 15?). “Febrile seizures: risks, evaluation, and prognosis.”. 《American Family Physician》 85 (2): 149–53. PMID 22335215.
- ↑ Patel, N; Ram, D; Swiderska, N; Mewasingh, LD; Newton, RW; Offringa, M (2015? 8? 18?). “Febrile seizures.”. 《BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)》 351: h4240. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4240. PMID 26286537.
- ↑ Mewasingh, LD; Chin, RFM; Scott, RC (November 2020). “Current understanding of febrile seizures and their long-term outcomes.”. 《Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology》 62 (11): 1245–1249. doi:10.1111/dmcn.14642. PMID 32748466.
- ↑ Morimoto, T; Nagao, H; Sano, N; Takahashi, M; Matsuda, H (1990). “Hyperthermia-induced seizures with a servo system: neurophysiological roles of age, temperature elevation rate and regional GABA content in the rat.”. 《Brain & Development》 12 (3): 279–83. doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(12)80307-x. PMID 2169710.
- ↑ Hashimoto, R; Suto, M; Tsuji, M; Sasaki, H; Takehara, K; Ishiguro, A; Kubota, M (April 2021). “Use of antipyretics for preventing febrile seizure recurrence in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.”. 《European Journal of Pediatrics》 180 (4): 987–997. doi:10.1007/s00431-020-03845-8. PMID 33125519.
- ↑ ? ? ? Graves, RC; Oehler, K; Tingle, LE (2012? 1? 15?). “Febrile seizures: risks, evaluation, and prognosis.”. 《American Family Physician》 85 (2): 149–53. PMID 22335215.
- ↑ Leung, AK; Hon, KL; Leung, TN (2018). “Febrile seizures: an overview.”. 《Drugs in Context》 7: 212536. doi:10.7573/dic.212536. PMC 6052913. PMID 30038660.
- ↑ Morimoto, T; Nagao, H; Sano, N; Takahashi, M; Matsuda, H (1990). “Hyperthermia-induced seizures with a servo system: neurophysiological roles of age, temperature elevation rate and regional GABA content in the rat.”. 《Brain & Development》 12 (3): 279–83. doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(12)80307-x. PMID 2169710.
- ↑ Millichap, JG; Millichap, JJ (September 2006). “Role of viral infections in the etiology of febrile seizures.”. 《Pediatric Neurology》 35 (3): 165–72. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2006.06.004. PMID 16939854.
- ↑ Kinsella, JB; O'Sullivan, P; McShane, DP (May 1995). “The role of the middle ear and tonsil in the etiology of febrile convulsions.”. 《International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology》 32 (2): 153–7. doi:10.1016/0165-5876(95)01166-9. PMID 7657469.
- ↑ ? ? Suga, S; Suzuki, K; Ihira, M; Yoshikawa, T; Kajita, Y; Ozaki, T; Iida, K; Saito, Y; Asano, Y (January 2000). “Clinical characteristics of febrile convulsions during primary HHV-6 infection.”. 《Archives of Disease in Childhood》 82 (1): 62–6. doi:10.1136/adc.82.1.62. PMC 1718177. PMID 10630916.
- ↑ ? ? Leung, AK; Hon, KL; Leung, TN (2018). “Febrile seizures: an overview.”. 《Drugs in Context》 7: 212536. doi:10.7573/dic.212536. PMC 6052913. PMID 30038660.
- ↑ Patel, N; Ram, D; Swiderska, N; Mewasingh, LD; Newton, RW; Offringa, M (2015? 8? 18?). “Febrile seizures.”. 《BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)》 351: h4240. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4240. PMID 26286537.
- ↑ Bureau, Michelle; Genton, Pierre; Dravet, Charlotte; Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V.; Guerrini, Renzo; Tassinari, Carlo Alberto; Thomas, Pierre; Wolf, Peter (2019? 6? 20?). 《Epileptic Syndromes in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence - 6th edition》 (??). John Libbey Eurotext. ISBN 978-2-7420-1609-9.
- ↑ ? ? Saghazadeh, A; Gharedaghi, M; Meysamie, A; Bauer, S; Rezaei, N (2014). “Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in febrile seizures and epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis.”. 《Reviews in the Neurosciences》 25 (2): 281–305. doi:10.1515/revneuro-2013-0045. PMID 24515998.
- ↑ Kwon, A; Kwak, BO; Kim, K; Ha, J; Kim, SJ; Bae, SH; Son, JS; Kim, SN; Lee, R (July 2018). “Cytokine levels in febrile seizure patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.”. 《Seizure》 59: 5–10. doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2018.04.023. PMID 29727742.
- ↑ Jensen, Frances E.; Sanchez, Russell M. (2002). “Why Does the Developing Brain Demonstrate Heightened Susceptibility to Febrile and Other Provoked Seizures?”. 《Febrile Seizures》: 153–168. doi:10.1016/B978-012078141-6/50013-5. ISBN 9780120781416.
- ↑ Ahmad, S; Marsh, ED (September 2010). “Febrile status epilepticus: current state of clinical and basic research.”. 《Seminars in Pediatric Neurology》 17 (3): 150–4. doi:10.1016/j.spen.2010.06.004. PMID 20727483.
- ↑ McTague, A; Martland, T; Appleton, R (2018? 1? 10?). “Drug management for acute tonic-clonic convulsions including convulsive status epilepticus in children.”. 《The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews》 1: CD001905. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001905.pub3. PMC 6491279. PMID 29320603.
- ↑ ? ? ? Bureau, Michelle; Genton, Pierre; Dravet, Charlotte; Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V.; Guerrini, Renzo; Tassinari, Carlo Alberto; Thomas, Pierre; Wolf, Peter (2019? 6? 20?). 《Epileptic Syndromes in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence - 6th edition》 (??). John Libbey Eurotext. ISBN 978-2-7420-1609-9.
- ↑ ? ? Leung, AK; Hon, KL; Leung, TN (2018). “Febrile seizures: an overview.”. 《Drugs in Context》 7: 212536. doi:10.7573/dic.212536. PMC 6052913. PMID 30038660.
- ↑ Kang, B; Kwon, YS (July 2014). “Benign convulsion with mild gastroenteritis.”. 《Korean Journal of Pediatrics》 57 (7): 304–9. doi:10.3345/kjp.2014.57.7.304. PMC 4127392. PMID 25114690.
- ↑ ? ? ? ? Subcommittee on Febrile, Seizures.; American Academy of, Pediatrics. (February 2011). “Neurodiagnostic evaluation of the child with a simple febrile seizure.”. 《Pediatrics》 127 (2): 389–94. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-3318. PMID 21285335.
- ↑ ? ? Janowski, A; Newland, J (2017). “Of the Phrensy: an update on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis in the pediatric population.”. 《F1000Research》 6. doi:10.12688/f1000research.8533.1. PMC 5288681. PMID 28184287.
- ↑ Patel, N; Ram, D; Swiderska, N; Mewasingh, LD; Newton, RW; Offringa, M (2015? 8? 18?). “Febrile seizures.”. 《BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)》 351: h4240. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4240. PMID 26286537.
- ↑ Bureau, Michelle; Genton, Pierre; Dravet, Charlotte; Delgado-Escueta, Antonio V.; Guerrini, Renzo; Tassinari, Carlo Alberto; Thomas, Pierre; Wolf, Peter (2019? 6? 20?). 《Epileptic Syndromes in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence - 6th edition》 (??). John Libbey Eurotext. ISBN 978-2-7420-1609-9.
- ↑ ? ? ? Offringa, M; Bossuyt, PM; Lubsen, J; Ellenberg, JH; Nelson, KB; Knudsen, FU; Annegers, JF; el-Radhi, AS; Habbema, JD (April 1994). “Risk factors for seizure recurrence in children with febrile seizures: a pooled analysis of individual patient data from five studies.”. 《The Journal of Pediatrics》 124 (4): 574–84. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83136-1. PMID 8151472.
- ↑ ? ? ? Berg, AT; Shinnar, S; Darefsky, AS; Holford, TR; Shapiro, ED; Salomon, ME; Crain, EF; Hauser, AW (April 1997). “Predictors of recurrent febrile seizures. A prospective cohort study.”. 《Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine》 151 (4): 371–8. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170410045006. PMID 9111436. 2022? 7? 9?? ?? ???? ??? ??. 2023? 2? 8?? ???.
- ↑ Berg, AT; Shinnar, S; Hauser, WA; Leventhal, JM (March 1990). “Predictors of recurrent febrile seizures: a metaanalytic review.”. 《The Journal of Pediatrics》 116 (3): 329–37. doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82816-1. PMID 2137875.
- ↑ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? “Febrile Seizures”. 《Epilepsy Foundation》 (??).